COVISHIELD™ Overview , You should know.....

 

ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19 Corona Virus Vaccine (Recombinant)

COVISHIELD™

                                                                      

                                                                  

           1 NAME OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT

COVISHIELD™

ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19 Corona Virus Vaccine (Recombinant)

ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19 Corona Virus Vaccine (Recombinant) 5 × 1010 viral particles (vp)

2 QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION

*Recombinant, replication-deficient chimpanzee adenovirus vector encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) glycoprotein.

Produced in genetically modified human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells.

This product contains genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

Solution for injection

The solution is colourless to slightly brown, clear to slightly opaque and particle free with a pH of 6.6.

One dose (0.5 ml) contains:

Both COVISHIELD™ (manufactured by Serum Institute of India Pvt Ltd) and COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca (manufactured

by AstraZeneca) are ChAdOx1 nCoV- 19 Corona Virus Vaccines (Recombinant).

4 CLINICAL PARTICULARS

What should you mention to your healthcare provider before you get Covishield vaccine?
Tell the healthcare provider about all of your medical conditions, including:

* If you have ever had a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) after any drug, food, any vaccine or any ingredients of COVISHIELD™ vaccine
* If you have a fever
* If you have a bleeding disorder or are on a blood thinner
* If you are immunocompromised or are on a medicine that affects your immune system
* If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant
* If you are breastfeeding
* If you have received another Covid-19 vaccine, you should consult your healthcare provider before deciding to take the vaccine.

Who should get the Covishield vaccine?
Covishield vaccine has been approved for restricted use in emergency situation in individuals 18 years of age and older.

Who should not get the Covishield vaccine?
You should not get the Covishield vaccine if you:
* Had a severe allergic reaction after a previous dose of this vaccine
* Had a severe allergic reaction to any ingredient of this vaccine.

If you receive one dose of the Covishield vaccine, then the second dose should be administered between 4 to 6 weeks after the first dose. However, there is data available for administration of the second dose up to 12 weeks after the first dose from the overseas studies.

If you miss your second dose

If you forget to go back at the scheduled time, ask your healthcare provider for advice. It is important that you return for your second dose of Covishield vaccine.

Has the Covishield vaccine been used before?
The Covishield™ is used in clinical trials, a number of participants received one or two doses in overseas and Indian trials.

What are the benefits of the Covishield vaccine?
In ongoing clinical trials, the Covishield vaccine has been shown to prevent Covid-19 disease following 2 doses given between 4 and 12 weeks apart. The duration of protection against Covid-19 disease is currently unknown.

You may get protective immune response 4 weeks after the second dose of Covishield vaccine.

What are the risks of the Covishield vaccine?
Side effects that have been reported with the Covishield vaccine include:

Very Common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people)
* Tenderness, pain, warmth, redness, itching, swelling, or bruising where the injection is given
* Generally feeling unwell
* Feeling tired (fatigue)
* Chills or feeling feverish
* Headache
* Feeling sick (nausea)
* Joint pain or muscle ache

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)
* A lump at the injection site
* Fever
* Being sick (vomiting)
* Flu-like symptoms, such as high temperature, sore throat, runny nose, cough and chills

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)
* Feeling dizzy
* Decreased appetite
* Abdominal pain
* Enlarged lymph nodes
* Excessive sweating, itchy skin or rash

These may not be all the possible side effects of the Covishield vaccine. Serious and unexpected side effects may occur. Covishield vaccine is still being studied in clinical trials.

 Your Question -

 What protocol do you use to clean the RP C18 HPLC column daily?

I am running 30-50 samples/day I wonder if I need to do regular cleaning after use. My mobile phase 5% acetic acid-methanol-acetonitrile 70:15:15. What solvent do you suggest?

Answer - I usually make morning wash and night wash for column C18 RP, befor and after working in the end of the day.

The morning wash is consist of four stages; each stage about 10 minutes

1) 10% acetonitrile+90%water

2) 100% Methanol

3) 100% Acetonitrile

4) 100% mobile phase

The night wash is consist of four stagese too.

1) 10% acetonitrile+ 90% water

2) 100% Methanol

3) 100% Acetonitrile

4) 80% Acetonitrile+20% Water

This will longer the age of column what ever you work  on the column.

 YOUR QUESTION :-

                  How can you know that a sample is UV active?

       Please update me- is there any specification on structure basis, that a compound is UV active?As a large molecule, can we make a decision to look into whether the structure of that molecule is UV active or inactive?

Answer - UV/Vis spectroscopy is routinely used in analytical chemistry for the quantitative determination of different analytes, such as transition metal ions, highly conjugated organic compounds, and biological macromolecules. Spectroscopic analysis is commonly carried out in solutions but solids and gases may also be studied.

• Solutions of transition metal ions can be colored (i.e., absorb visible light) because d electrons within the metal atoms can be excited from one electronic state to another. The colour of metal ion solutions is strongly affected by the presence of other species, such as certain anions or ligands. For instance, the colour of a dilute solution of copper sulfate is a very light blue; adding ammonia intensifies the colour and changes the wavelength of maximum absorption (λmax).

• Organic compounds, especially those with a high degree of conjugation, also absorb light in the UV or visible regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The solvents for these determinations are often water for water-soluble compounds, or ethanol for organic-soluble compounds. (Organic solvents may have significant UV absorption; not all solvents are suitable for use in UV spectroscopy. Ethanol absorbs very weakly at most wavelengths.) Solvent polarity and pH can affect the absorption spectrum of an organic compound. Tyrosine, for example, increases in absorption maxima and molar extinction coefficient when pH increases from 6 to 13 or when solvent polarity decreases.

• While charge transfer complexes also give rise to colours, the colours are often too intense to be used for quantitative measurement.

almost all aromatic compounds are UV active and also compounds with double bonds with extended conjugation. Any basic book on spectroscopy can help you to know whether your molecule will be uv active or not. 

 Your Question :-

How to analyse UV inactive compound on HPLC using UV Detector?

In my research field I got UV inactive compound having one Chiral Center I want to separate the enantiomers on HPLC having UV detector So what can i do to get UV response on HPLC. ?

Answer - 

I suggest to complex the compound with some kind of regents to give a color so you can detect in visible range. For the enantiomer you can modify a mobile phase containing 5% beta-cyclodextrine to enhance selectivity towards enentiomers.Derivatization is one way, but more laborious and expensive. You can try the more straightforward approach of indirect UV detection.  The detection of a UV-Vis-transparent analyte is accomplished by adding light-absorbing species into the mobile phase. The presence of the analyte is monitored by measuring a decrease or The only way you could analyze a UV inactive compound on a UV detector is to derivatize it to add a UV active functionality, such as a phenyl ring.  Otherwise you can't use UV on the compounds in their native state since there is nothing for the UV detector to detect. If you are doing this as a preparative LC than derivatization wouldn't be an option.  Your only recourse would be to use another type of detector.

 Your Question :-

    Can Chloroform degrade C18 reverse phase Silica?

Answer - Chloroform will not damage your C18 RP column. I was hesitant before using it the first time, so I used a really old column that had been used with a lot of lipid-containing samples. The improvement after a {20% Ethanol or Methanol:water(ultra-pure) > 100% Methanol > 100% Acetonitrile > 100% Chloroform > 100% Acetonitrile > 100% Methanol > 20% Methanol:ultra-pure water} progression was very dramatic, restoring the column's theoretical plate number to close to that when it was new. This suggested that a lot of lipid had been accumulating on my column, impairing its performance and maybe introducing a 'lipid partition' into my separations. I have repeated this 'column-stripping' procedure several times since, on old columns that were losing resolution, and it does usually help, depending on the history of the column, and whether it has been used and stored within the limits set by the manufacturer.

I agree, however, that chloroform would not be appropriate in a mobile phase solvent for a Reverse-Phase column.

                                                                                                                                Thank you

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